on china's real interest rate and investment

study on economic growth and rmb real exchange rate

经济增长与人民币实际汇率研究

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the resource allocation effect of the real exchange rate behavior

实际汇率变动的资源配置效应

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the analysis to the results implies that the gap between the real rate of interest and the natural rate of interest can not only reasonably measure the degree of tightness of the monetary policies, but also become an important reference of making or assessing the monetary policies.

对这一检验结果的分析表明，实际利率与自然利率之间的缺口不仅可以合理地度量货币政策的松紧程度，而且可以作为货币政策制定和评价的一个重要参考依据。

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strikingly, the 10-year real rate of interest was 4 per cent in the mid-1990s, 2 per cent in the 2000s, before the crisis, and close to zero thereafter.

引人注意的是，上世纪90年代中，10年期实际利率为4%，到本世纪头十年（危机之前）降至2%，再后来降至接近零。

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his position is that since gdp for the last century grew at a 3.5% real rate, stockholders were effectively "skimming off the top" to achieve their actual 6.6% return.

他的论点是，过去一个世纪内GDP的真实增速不过3.5%，因此股票投资者实际获得的6.6%的回报“泡沫很多”。

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until relatively recently, there was little need for "real rate" investments as prices were stable, and there was little demand for them as the pensions industry in asia was under-developed.

在不太久之前，由于物价稳定，对“实际利率”投资的需要很少，同时，这也是由于亚洲的养老金行业有欠发达。

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to achieve the expected 7 per cent gdp rate of growth, consumption ( public and private) needs to grow at a real rate of 9 per cent while investment grows at 4.6 per cent.

为了实现7%的GDP预期增长率，（公共及私人）消费必须以9%的实际增长率增长，投资则须以4.6%的增长率增长。

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as the official reserves had grown significantly over the years, it was decided that the fiscal reserves placed with the exchange fund should seek to achieve a higher long-term real rate of return.

由于过去多年官方储备大幅增加，政府决定存放在外汇基金的财政储备应有较高的长期实质回报率。

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at the same time, it also shows that non-neutral monetary policy, monetary policy affects inflation through changes in the changes to change the real rate of return and actual investment of economic activity.

这同时也说明货币政策非中性，货币政策的变化通过影响到通货膨胀的变化来改变实际收益率和投资等实际经济活动。

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in the us, the recent rise in nominal rates is explained almost entirely by the rise in the real rate, not by a rise in implied inflation expectations.

在美国，近期名义利率的上升几乎可以完全用实际利率上升来解释，而不是隐含的通胀预期上升。

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in the period of 2001-2010, the fluctuation range of rmb exchange rate is very large, which of nominal rate and real rate are respectively 24.69% and 27.49%.

2001-2010年间，人民币汇率的波动幅度非常大，名义汇率和真实汇率波动幅度分别达到了24.69%和27.49%。

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since then the nominal exchange rate has behaved more normally, fluctuating in response to capital flows, while higher inflation has driven the real rate higher.

此后，名义汇率表现得更加正常，随着资本流动状况的变化而上下浮动，同时通胀上升也推高了实际汇率。

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from the real rate of foreign exchange's influence on export trade and export structure, this paper empirically analyzes their relations and puts forward some suggestions.

本文从实际汇率对出口贸易及出口贸易结构的影响出发，实证分析了它们之间的关系，并提出了相关的建议。

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whether the real rate of price rise deviating from the fit rate of it or not is the main sign of judgment of money balance;

物价实际上涨率与物价合理上涨率的背离，是判断货币均衡与否的主要标志；

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that real rate is roughly zero in india, china, russia and japan and negative in the us, eurozone and uk.

印度、中国、俄罗斯和日本的实际利率都接近于零，而美国、欧元区和英国的实际利率则均为负值。

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for homebuyers, the best measure of the real rate is the gap between the average mortgage rate and annual wage growth.

对于购房者，衡量实际利率的最佳尺度就是平均按揭利率与年薪增长率之差。

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our fifth indicator is the real rate of interest, which is negative in over half of the economies.

我们的第五个指标是实际利率，在过半数的新兴经济体国家中这一指标都是负的。

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the effect will be to drive up demand for savings relative to supply and so raise the real rate of interest.

其结果是，相对于供给，对储蓄的需求会高涨，从而推高实际利率。

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the real rate of exchange reflects the deviation the purchasing power par with a balanced nature.

实际汇率反映对具有均衡性质的购买力平价的偏离，成为判定一国汇率水平高低的标准。

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a new definition to nominal rate and real rate

对名义利率和实际利率的再认识

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