Chapter two researched the establishment and effect of the Maximum Mortgage.

In the chapter 1 author emphasizes and explains the concept, theory basis and institutional value of the maximum mortgage.

正文分四章。第一章着重阐释最高额抵押的概念、理论基础和制度价值，总领全文。

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There must be correct guidelines on establishing and perfecting the maximum amount hypothec system; this is a prerequisite of setting up the rational system.

确立和完善最高额抵押制度，必须有正确的指导思想，这是建立科学的最高额抵押制度的前提。

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The law should give the maximum mortgagor the reduce application institution and extinctive application institution when the maximum mortgage confirms.

最高额抵押确定后，法律应赋予最高额抵押当事人减额请求权和消灭请求权。

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The first part discusses the basic theory of the maximum mortgage as the characters and legal function.

第一部分为最高额抵押的一些基本理论问题，主要阐述最高额抵押的特征及法律功能。

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since the double mortgage would not cause damages to the first mortgagee, whilst the second mortgages may acquire pledge out of it, the mortgagor may make best of the pawn.

由于重复抵押既不会给先位抵押权人造成损害，后位抵押权人又可能从中得到保证，抵押人可以更充分地发挥抵押物的效率。

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conservatism concept as an application result that the mortgagor, mortgagee and real estate evaluation agency play cooperative game in the housing mortgage value evaluation.

谨慎原则在住宅抵押估价中的应用是抵押权人、抵押人、房地产评估机构三者合作博弈行为的结果。

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now the legislators face a dilemma that the interests of which party should be protected? national legislation has set the relevant mode of transferring movable collateral in the mortgage process to protect the interests of the assignee.

此时立法者就面临着两难的选择：究竟应该保护哪一方的利益？各国立法均设定了相关的模式对动产抵押物转让过程中抵押权人和受让人的利益加以保护。

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the debtor or the third party prescribed in the preceding paragraph is the mortgagor; the beneficiary is the mortgagee; the property provided as mortgage is the mortgaged property.

前款规定的债务人或者第三人为抵押人，受益人为抵押权人，提供抵押的财产为抵押物。

provided by jukuu

in mortgage of real estate, the mortgagor and mortgagee shall sign a written mortgage contract.

房地产抵押，抵押人和抵押权人应当签订书面抵押合同。

provided by jukuu

To achieve maximum mortgage, mortgagee must prove the existence of secure claims.

在最高额抵押权时，抵押权人必须证明被担保债权存在。

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in order to balance the interests of mortgagees and assignees and protect the safety of transactions, the property right law ( draft) will have to provide different treatments to transactions relating to collateral transfers depending on the existence and reasonableness of the consideration.

同时为平衡抵押权人与受让人之间的利益冲突，保护交易安全，针对抵押人转让抵押财产是无偿、有偿、价格是否合理等不同情形，分别予以规制。

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inquires into the insurable interest of several representative types of marine insurance contracts, including contract of marine insurance for hulls, for the carriage of goods by sea, for freights, for interests of ship's mortgagees and for liability;

对几种典型海上保险合同，包括船舶保险合同、海上货物运输保险合同、运费保险合同、船舶抵押权人利益保险合同及责任保险合同中的保险利益问题进行了探讨；

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from the survey and research of law protection of mortgagee advantage in some countries and regions, the understanding of value tendency of law protection of mortgagee advantage takes form: to reflect tendency, to protect stability, to pursue profit.

文章从对一些国家和地区对动产抵押权人利益立法保护的考察探索中，形成对动产抵押权人利益立法保护的价值取向的理解：体现倾向性，维持平衡性，追求效益性。

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it is held that there seems no legal basis for the mortgagee to bring a suit before the court for determination of the right after the mortgagee has brought the suit before the court and registered the creditor's right.

抵押权人在已经提起诉讼之外再在债权登记之后向法院提起确权诉讼似无法律依据。

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only in case that the debtor refuses to cooperate with mortgagee or the mortgage can not adopt legal weapon to take possession of mortgaged goods in a legal self-remedy way, it is necessary to turn to judicial execution.

只有在债务人拒绝与抵押权人合作，或是抵押权人不能采用合法的手段、通过合法的私力救济方式占有担保物的情况下，才有必要求助于司法执行。

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while, mortgagees 'interest insurance is a kind of insurance which is especially designed for the mortgagees, it is very important for protecting the mortgagees' interests and prompting the development of shipping finance business.

船舶抵押权人利益保险是一类专门为船舶抵押权人设计的保险，对维护船舶抵押权人利益、推动船舶融资业的发展具有重要作用。

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how to balance justice and efficiency among these mortgages, and there're two legislation patterns of mortgage sequence: the theory of fixed sequence and the theory of promoted sequence.

如何在先后顺位的抵押权人之间平衡公平和效率，在各国的立法例中有两种模式：抵押权的顺位固定主义和顺位升进主义。

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in case the ship is not insured, the mortgagee has the right to place the ship under insurance coverage and the mortgagor shall pay for the premium thereof.

未保险的，抵押权人有权对该船舶进行保险，保险费由抵押人负担。

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the author discusses the issue about whether the mortgagee can acquire security in a discount when the right to use allocated land is used as right of mortgage.

探讨了抵押权人对划拨土地使用权行使抵押权时是否可以折价受让抵押物的问题；

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comparing the benefit of bona fide transferee with that of the mortgagee, the writer holds that the bona fide transferee should be protected.

在对善意受让人与抵押权人的两种利益进行比较的基础上，应保护善意受让人；

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