All of these changes show the structural adjustments of criminal penalty and also represent the new theoretical achievements in criminal law studies.

The functions of criminal law play significant role in the theoretical system of criminal law and the explanation of criminal law.

刑法的机能是关系到刑法理论体系以及刑法解释的重要问题。

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The issue of surplus behavior in joint crimes is one of the tough theoretical problems in criminal law.

共同犯罪中的实行过限问题是刑法共犯理论的难点之一。

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Criminal legal relation is the weak point in the basic theoretical study oi criminal law in our country.

刑事法律关系是我国刑法基础理论研究的薄弱点。

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In the theoretical part, it investigates the relevant theoretical foundation of the cost of social responsibility from the perspectives of accounting and management, and analyzes the correlation between the cost and the value of the company, specifically with the domestic situation of listed companies.

在理论部分，主要从会计学、管理学的角度，探讨了社会责任成本的相关理论基础，并针对我国上市公司现状，对社会责任成本与上市公司价值相关性加以剖析。

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In the study of Administration, the theoretical research of administrative cost is a weak tache, and the problem in government administration that administrative cost becomes more high or administrator take no account of administrative cost in administrative policy-making course and executive course must be settled urgently.

在现今的行政学领域，行政成本研究是薄弱环节，政府行政管理中的行政成本过高或不计行政成本盲目决策、实施等已经成为亟待解决的问题。

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On the basis of clarifying differences and making clearly the origin, we can study from the research achievements of transaction cost in new institutional economics to perfect and enrich the theoretical connotation of circulation cost as well as improve the circulation economics.

在正本清源的前提下，借鉴和学习新制度经济学交易费用研究的理论成果，是完善和丰富流通费用概念的理论内涵、发展贸易经济学学科的重要途径。

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Firstly, this paper introduces theoretical researches of Total Cost Management& TCM. Its definition is using professional knowledge and skills to plan and control resources, cost, profit and risk effectively, and is the whole life cycle expenses management.

本文首先引入了工程全面造价管理的理论研究，它的定义是有效地使用专业知识和专门技术去计划和控制资源、造价、盈利和风险，是全寿命周期的费用管理。

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However, under the framework of new economic geography theory, theoretical analysis on iceberg cost structure and melting mechanism of transportation infrastructure, especially the theoretical and empirical research of economic agglomeration effect of transportation infrastructure, is far from enough.

但是，新经济地理理论框架下，对交通基础设施在冰山成本构成与融化机制的理论分析，特别是交通基础设施经济集聚效应的理论和实证研究尚不充分。

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Secondly, on the basis of the theory of value chain and cost control, it put forwards the concept of cost and cost control based on value chain, so to provide the theoretical basis for the cost control on value chain.

其次，通过价值链理论及成本控制理论分析，探讨并提出基于价值链的成本观念和成本控制观念，从而为价值链成本控制奠定理论基础；

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It was pointed out that there still exist some disadvantages in the related theoretical research and production cost control of the micro-arc oxidation technology, though it has a promising application perspective.

同时指出微弧氧化技术虽具有广泛的应用前景，但在理论研究和生产成本控制等方面仍存在不足之处。

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The writer also makes a summary on the theoretical foundation of modern cost management mode from the angles of theory assumption, basic theories, mathematics model, information model, etc.

作者还从理论假定、基本理论、数学模型、信息模型等几个方面对现代成本管理模式的理论基础进行了归纳。

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Review and Perspective on Volition in Sport; Present Situation and Outlook of the Theoretical Research of Capital Cost in China

意志研究现状及其在体育运动中的研究展望

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Establishment of theoretical structure of environment cost will involve syndication and abstraction of related subjects research results.

环境成本理论框架的确立将涉及多学科相关研究成果的综合与抽象。

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It has attracted much attention due to its high theoretical efficiency, low cost, and simple fabrication technique.

具有理论光电转换效率高、成本低、制作工艺简单等优点，受到了国内外研究者的广泛关注。

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In this paper, the establishment of traditional theoretical model of quality cost is reviewed and its limitations are discussed.

本文阐述了传统质量成本理论模型的形成及其存在的问题。

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The research contents mainly include three parts: Part I, Basic theoretical research into taxation cost and efficiency.

税收成本与效率的基本理论研究。

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It has important theoretical significance and practical cost value for dispatching operation with wind farms.

所提模型对于含风电场的调度运行既有理论意义又有实际应用价值。

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Theoretical Study of Double Cost Function Linear Quadratic Regulator ( LQR)

双指标函数线性二次型调节器的理论研究（英文）

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Theoretical foundations of the cost-effectiveness analysis

成本效果分析的理论基础

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The Theoretical Analysis of Choosing Cost Calculation Mode

成本计算模式选择的理论分析

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