moreover, with unique socio-economic characteristics and cultural characteristics of ethnic region, policy formulation and implementation of policies to local realities.

this paper provides insights into a classic case in public policy formulation through exploring the decision-making process of singapore's metro development.

本文讨论新加坡公共政策决策中的一个经典案例，即轨道交通系统的建设决策，以此引起大家的思考。

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the public interest is the public administration research logical beginning, is the modern government community policy formulation and the execution value orientation.

公共利益是公共行政研究的逻辑起点，是现代政府公共政策制定和执行的价值取向。

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enterprises cluster is an important pattern of economic development in many regions, the strategy of which plays increasingly important role in public policy formulation.

企业集群是许多地区经济发展的主要模式，在地方公共政策制定中，企业集群战略发挥着越来越重要的作用。

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in the process of policy formulation and implementation, must coordinate the policy bodies and stakeholders to improve the effectiveness of policy.

在政策制定和实施的过程中，注意政策主体以及利益相关者之间的协调，提高政策的有效性。

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the results of the implementation of policies are both a test of basic standards of science and an important basis for following policy formulation.

政策执行的结果既是检验政策是否科学的基本标准，又是后续政策制定的重要依据。

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a long-term mechanism should be set up and improved in safeguarding national unity and social stability through policy formulation and implementation.

通过政策的制订与落实，建立健全维护民族团结和社会稳定的长效机制。

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policy formulation and citizen participation

政策制定与公民参与

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a discussion on aspects of policy formulation, policy implementation, policy feedback, policy protection, etc. is given.

对如政策制定、政策执行、政策反馈、政策保障等方面进行了论述。

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the historical-cultural model argues that chinese history and culture have influenced its foreign strategy and policy formulation.

针对该问题，历史文化模式认为，中国的历史文化影响了外交战略的选择和政策的制定；

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policy formulation and citizen participation from subject to citizen& an attempt to make a research into political development

政策制定与公民参与从臣民到公民

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it has also entered into national legislation and policy formulation in relation to health care in many european countries.

同时，在欧洲的许多国家中，尊严的概念也被引入到有关卫生保健的国家立法和政策制定中。

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evaluation of land is basis of the state-level land tax and land policy formulation and land planning.

评定出的土地级别是国家征收土地税及制定土地政策、规划的依据。

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central and local government as a social security policy formulation, the dominant sector in the specific implementation.

中央和各地方政府作为社会保障政策制定、具体实施的主导部门。

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it also provides quantitative support for the regional ecological and environmental protection of mineral resources in policy formulation.

本文的研究拟为区域矿产资源开发利用与生态环境之间的关系提供定量支持，为区域矿产资源生态环境保护政策的制定提供依据。

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the government and the education administrative department should fully exert policy formulation and macro-control function.

政府和教育行政部门要充分发挥政策制定和宏观调控职能。

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all these research results provide references for education administrators 'policy formulation and teachers' professional developing.

这些研究成果，为教育主管部门制订政策提供了依据，为教师的专业发展提供了参考。

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participatory budget is an innovative way of policy formulation.

参与式预算是一种创新的政策制定方式。

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so, research on public policy formulation mechanism has important theoretical significances and practical significances.

所以，对于公共政策制定机制的研究有着重要的理论意义与现实意义。

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political participation means a certain way which citizen influences government public policy formulation and social management.

政治参与是指公民通过一定的方式影响政府公共政策的制定以及社会管理的方式。

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these have certain significance for the theory, practice, and policy formulation in the future.

这对今后的理论、实践研究及政策制定都是有一定意义的。

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