conclusions: cystoscopy and retrograde ureteropyelography are essential for the diagnosis.

experience on carrying out gentle care for patients undergoing cystoscope examination

对膀胱镜检查病人实施温馨护理的体会

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methods: diagnosis was established before surgical intervention in all. the accurate diagnosis rate of cystoscopy, ivu and ultrasonography was 100. 0%, 80%, 83. 3% respectively. all the patients received transvesical ureteroceles excisions, transurethral incisions of ureteroceles.

方法：15例患者均于术前明确诊断，其中膀胱镜诊断准确率100.0%、IVU诊断率80%、B超诊断率83.3%，均行经尿道输尿管囊肿内镜下切开或去顶术。

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methods of all the patients, 1174 were injected compound aluminum sulphate in tumor pedicle, and 700 cases were treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor ( turbt) and 34 cases were treated with holmium laser.

方法：总结比较膀胱镜下3种治疗方法：肿瘤蒂部注射复方硫酸铝、经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切（TURBT）、应用钬激光治疗膀胱肿瘤。

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transurethral resection of bladder cancer using 5-aminolevulinic acid induced fluorescence endoscopy ( report of 31 cases)

5-ALA诱导荧光膀胱镜下膀胱肿瘤电切除术（附31例报告）

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methods: patients of transitional cell carcinoma were asked to have survivin in urinary exfoliative cell, urine nmp22 and cytological examination before cystoscopy or operation.

方法：对48例尿路上皮肿瘤患者，在行膀胱镜检查或手术前留新鲜尿液分别行尿脱落细胞survivin、尿nmp22和尿脱落细胞检查，并分别比较各方法的敏感性、特异性。

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the diagnostic accuracy of ivp, sonography, mru, cystoscopy and ct were 35.5%, 48.6%, 66.7%, 88.9% and 90.1% respectively.

IVP、超声、MRU、膀胱镜检查和CT的准确率分别为35.5%、48.6%、66.7%、88.9%和90.1%。

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urodynamics and cystoscopy are very essential to understand the pathophysiologic changes of function and morphology caused by bph, they have guiding significance to diagnose and select operative methods.

而且尿动力学检查和尿道膀胱镜检查对于全面了解BPH所引起的功能及形态学方面的病理生理变化十分必要，对于临床诊断与手术方式的选择有一定的指导意义。

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results: combining ultrasonography and ivp can improve the final diagnosis rate. the final diagnosis rate of cystoscopy was 100%.

结果：B超和IVP两种检查结合可明显提高诊断符合率，膀胱镜检的准确率可达100%。

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clinical symptoms, residual urine and cystoscopy are reliable diagnostic methods.

结论临床症状、残余尿量、膀胱镜检查是诊断BNO的可靠依据。

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the msct ( postprocessing reconstruction) images, ivp, ultrasound and cystoscope were analyzed comparatively.

并对MSCT（后处理重建图像）图像、IVP、B超及膀胱镜检查比较分析。

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method: the urinary extravasation after renal injury was treated by percutaneous catheter drainage and transurethral double pigtail tube pelvic drainage.

方法：应用经皮肾周穿刺置管外引流及膀胱镜下置双J管内引流治疗肾外伤后尿外渗。

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objective to explore the new methods of putting in and withdrawing double j stent without cystoscopy.

目的探讨不用膀胱镜便可取出输尿管内支架管（双J管）的方法。

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virtual cystoscopy by spiral ct using oxygen as contrast in the diagnosis of bladder tumor ( report of 20 cases)

以氧气为对比剂的螺旋CT仿真膀胱镜诊断膀胱肿瘤（附20例报告）

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the diagnostic methods were cystoscopy, retrograde ureteropyelography, ct and ureteroscopy. operation was the choice of treatment.

CT及膀胱镜检查，逆行输尿管造影和输尿管镜检查为主要诊断方法，以手术治疗为主。

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we evaluated therapeutical effect by monitoring serum b-hcg assay, b-ultrasound, ct and cystoscopy.

通过监测β-hCG水平、B超、CT、膀胱镜等辅助检查措施以判断治疗效果。

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an experimental study on techniques in virtual cystoscopy with single spiral computed tomography

螺旋CT仿真膀胱镜成像的影响因素研究

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the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral ct virtual cystoscopy

多层面螺旋CT仿真膀胱镜对膀胱肿瘤的诊断价值

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results renal colic was relieved by placing double-j-catheter under the cystoscope or ureteroscope in all 15 cases.

结果15例患者在膀胱镜或输尿管镜下逆行置入输尿管双J管后肾绞痛症状均缓解。

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the italian team managed to kick a goal a few minutes after the match began.

比赛开始后几分钟，意大利队便进了一球。

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old thrashbarg regarded him gravely. his old grey eyes moved sadly. he held his arms aloft, one still carrying a bobbing pikka bird, the other his staff.

老刷希巴严肃地望着他，苍老的眼睛里满是忧伤，他举起了自己的胳膊，一只手上仍然拿着噼卡鸟，另一只手握着他的法杖。

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