Modern enterprise theories make incomplete contract and asymmetric information between principal and agent as one of the basic hypothesizes. Agency problems caused by ex ante incomplete contract and ex post asymmetric information exist generally.

The theory of investment bank reputation considers that a prestigious investment banker can reduce the ex ante uncertainty and lower the degree of IPOs underpricing more effectively than a common investment banker.

国外的大量实证研究验证了投资银行声誉理论，即知名的投资投行能够有效降低IPO发行的信息不对称，承销的IPO发行抑价低于普通投资行承销的IPO。

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On the other hand, the presence of an imperfectly informed LOLR is conductive to the moral hazard problem, So it is ex ante inefficiency.

另一方面，拥有不完全信息的LOLR容易引发道德风险问题，从而是事前无效率的。

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On inventory pledge loan, creditor can screen on borrowers with asymmetric information of ex ante default possibility, when taking into account borrowers'signaling action by acquiring a credit score.

研究存货质押贷款中，当信贷人对借款人质押前违约概率信息不对称时，考虑借款人信号发送行为时对借款人的甄别。

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There is not only ex ante nonsymmetric information, but also ex post nonsymmetric information between the commercial banks and the borrowers, and then lead to produce the credit risk.

在商业银行与借款者之间，既存在事前非对称信息，又存在事后非对称信息，使之产生信贷风险。

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Pate two starts from incomplete contract theory and the relationship of credit risk and loan contract, it points out the integration of credit risk and ex ante credit risk control-loan contract.

本文的第三章，从不完备契约理论以及信贷风险和借贷契约的关系入手建立了分析问题的理论平台，指出信贷风险和信贷风险事前控制的结合点&借贷契约。

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The ex ante analysis of perfect information acquiring in decision making under uncertainty is discussed mainly. The concept of the perfect information of single state acquiring is introduced and an example is given.

然后主要针对不确定性决策完全信息获得的事前分析进行了讨论，给出了单状态完全信息获得的概念和一个实际分析例子；

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From the perspective of ex ante incentive, it carefully analyses all kinds of firm financing, then induces that the diversity is an optimal financing mechanism. 4.

从事前激励的角度，本文仔细地分析了企业的各种融资方式，并诱导出了多样性是一种最优的融资机制。

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Ex ante funding refers to the accumulation of a reserve or a fund upon which the deposit insurer can draw in the event of a bank failure.

事前资金投入指的是一种储备的积累或是一笔可以在银行倒闭情况下能够提取的资金。

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In the supply chain, the problems in agency mainly involve the adverse selection caused by ex ante information asymmetry and moral hazard caused by ex post information asymmetry.

供应链中的委托代理问题主要包括由事前信息不对称引起的逆向选择问题和由事后信息不对称引起的道德风险问题。

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The ex ante perspective in legal theory is loosely connected with consequentialist ( or utilitarian or welfarist) approaches to moral theory.

法律理论中的事后的视角与道德理论中的结果论（者说是功利主义、利主义）在一定松散的关联。

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Put another way, diversification can be expected to reduce the variability of returns, or, in ex ante terms, the overall dispersion of possible outcomes.

换言之，多样化将降低回报的可变性，或者说降低可能结果的整体差量。

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For an individual's cost is subjective and ephemeral; it appears only ex ante, at the moment before the individual makes a decision.

一个人的成本是主观的，转瞬即逝。它只出现在事前，即在人作出决定之前。

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Interest and principal payments ( usually certain ex ante) may be higher than the investment returns ( which are uncertain ex ante).

利息和本金（事先确定好的）可能高于投资回报（通常事先并不确定）。

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The finding shows that high-growth firms control underinvestment incentives by reducing leverage but not by shortening debt maturity ex ante.

研究发现高成长性的公司通过前期减少负债而不是缩短债务期限来控制投资不足动机。

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Ex ante funding requires the accumulation and maintenance of a fund to cover deposit insurance claims and related expenses prior to a bank failure.

事前资金投入要求资金积累与维持可以覆盖存款保险要求和银行倒闭前的相关支出。

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The efficiency which resources distribute through market mechanics is optimal, either in the ex ante, interim or ex post.

市场机制配置资源的效率是最优的，无论从事前、事中还是事后效率。

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This dissertation studies ex ante screening device on creditor risk management in each representative pattern of inventory financing.

针对存货融资的三种典型模式，考察信贷人事前风险管理中的甄别问题。

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The VIP Hall, Yulan Hall and Baihe Hall in Libin Building are among the major venues in Shanghai to host large-scale welcome banquets for important guests.

礼宾楼的贵宾厅、玉兰厅、百合厅是目前上海接待重要宾客、举行大型接见仪式的主要场所之一。

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Based on the Dongguan Yulan Opern engineering, authors state the acoustics design and construction technology of large scale theater, from aspects of acoustics design and acoustics construction technology.

以东莞玉兰大剧院的工程建设实践为基础，从声学设计和声学施工技术等方面介绍了现代大型剧院声学设计与施工技术。

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The three pieces of burnt wood are the ruins of an age-old Yulan magnolia after being hit by a bolt of lighting.

三块焦木曾是一棵几百年的玉兰树被雷电击穿燃烧后的残骸。

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