Mechanism studies and application of electrochemical oxidation of lignin are reviewed in this paper.

Study on Alkali Lignin Modified as Paper Reinforcing Agent

碱木素改性合成纸张增强剂的研究

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In paper made industry, lignin dispose was the main source of environmental pollution.

在造纸工业中，木质素处理是造成环境污染的重要来源。

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Firstly, some basic properties of lignin such as surface energy were researched.

首先研究了木质素的一些基本性能如表面能等。

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Research Progress of Industrial Lignin Modification and Its Utilization as Fine Chemicals

工业木质素的改性及其作为精细化工产品的研究进展

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The advance on the research of lignin chemistry and pulping technology

木素化学研究与制浆技术的进展

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Modification of Alkali Lignin and Surface Activities of the Modified Products

碱木质素改性及其产物表面活性的研究

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Application of lignin surfactant in preparation of coal water mixture

木质素表面活性剂在水煤浆制备中的应用

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Current Status and Development of the Utilization of Technical Lignin

工业木素资源利用的现状与发展

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The application of lignin in oil drilling and recovery technology

木质素在石油钻采工艺中的应用

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This algorithm introduces two factors: idle probability and utilization probability of a channel, which are combined to a selection function of an idle channel.

该算法引入信道空闲概率和信道利用率两个参数，使其构成空闲信道选择函数。

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Considering idle probability and utilization probability of a channel, this thesis develops an optimization algorithm to search an idle channel.

本文综合考虑信道空闲概率和信道利用率两个因素，提出了空闲信道最优搜索算法。

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This system is not only technically easy to achieve, but also made full use of the idle users upstream channel to completely solve the backbone network and server load overload problems.

这个系统不仅在技术上容易实现，而且充分利用了用户空闲的上行信道，从而彻底解决对骨干网以及服务器的负载过载的难题。

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This design is the main engine will take the step motor actuators provide an idle by-pass inlet channel.

本设计主要是将汽油机的带步进电机的怠速执行器提供一个旁通的进气通道。

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When the idle channel pool is empty and CR user has to switch channel, three different channel-search sequences are introduced and overhead latency ratio ( OLR) is defined to analyze the tradeoff between channel-search overhead and channel-switch latency.

当频谱池为空且认知用户必须切换信道时，分析了三种不同的信道搜索序列，通过定义开销时延比来分析认知用户的信道切换时延与信道搜索开销的折中问题。

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If there is no idle channel when the handoff requests arrive the cell, it will borrow channels from stationary calls participating in soft handoff and allocate the borrowed channels to handoff requests by moving calls.

当切换请求到达蜂窝时，如果没有空闲信道，就将从参与软切换的静止呼叫借用一信道，并将借用的信道分配给移动呼叫的切换请求。

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In the second method, we check the idle channel in the macro cellular network through the spectrum sensing technology. Then we let the users of the femtocell use these channels by the priority order.

在第二种方法中，通过频谱感知技术检测宏蜂窝网络中的空闲信道，然后让家庭基站用户根据优先级使用这些信道。

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In the absence of a control channel, the idle channel utilization ( ICU) is dictated by both the spectrum sensing strategy and the packet access protocol in a distributed CR network.

在分布式网络不存在中央控制信道的条件下，分布式认知无线电系统的空闲信道利用率受频谱检测策略和数据包接入策略的影响。

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This thesis derives the expression of average delay that CR user searches the first idle channel and discusses the impact of waiting time to average delay.

本文推导了最小搜索时延的理论表达式，分析了等待时间对平均时延的影响。

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This thesis optimizes sensing periodicity vector to maximize channel usage of CR user and derives the formulation of idle channel usage.

本文分析优化了检测周期向量来最大化认知用户对空闲信道的利用率，给出了空闲频谱利用率的数学推导过程。

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The Idle Channel Noise of Oversampling Process and its Elimination

过取样的空闲信道噪声及其消除

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