as a representative method of swarm intelligence, particle swarm optimization ( pso) is an algorithm for searching the global optimum in the complex space through cooperation and competition among the individuals in a population of particle.

marco dorigo and other scholars have proposed an algorithm of ant colony optimization, the algorithm is simulated the intelligent behavior of ant colony.

Marco Dorigo等学者提出了模拟蚂蚁群体智能行为的蚁群算法。

互联网摘选

when solving the problem of qos routing with abc supported, there are multiple objects needed to be optimized at the same time in the routing mechanisms, which makes the problem into a multi-constrained qos routing problem.

在解决ABC支持型QoS路由问题的时候，路由机制中同时有多个目标需要进行优化，即成为一个多约束QoS路由问题，针对这个问题，本文使用群体智能算法予以解决。

互联网摘选

the comparative study shows that by using the model based on swarm intelligence and ca can predict better, more objective and more precise in the prediction of the number and spatial distribution of land use classes of beijing in 2008.

结果显示，基于群体智能及CA的城市土地利用时空动力学模型模拟预测效果较好，能够较为客观、准确地预测出2008年北京市土地利用各地类数量及空间分布状况。

互联网摘选

ant colony algorithm ( aco) is a swarm intelligence algorithm which shows many promising characters and has been applied successfully to categorical problem.

蚁群算法（ACO）是一种模拟群体智能的算法，在解决基于离散空间的问题时表现出良好的性能。

互联网摘选

this paper solves these both problems by particle swarm algorithm ( pso) which is a kind of swarm intelligence algorithms with a lot of advantages on complex optimization problems.

对于这两个问题的解决，论文引入粒子群算法（PSO），PSO作为一种群体智能算法，在复杂问题的寻优方面具有明显的优势。

互联网摘选

as a newly developed swarm intelligence paradigm, particle swarm algorithm is a very promising optimization tool, with many advantages in high-dimensional problems or tasks that lack prior knowledge.

作为一种新的群体智能方法，粒子群算法PSO是一个非常有前景的工具，在处理高维的以及缺乏领域知识的问题时尤其有用。

互联网摘选

to study the characters of the swarm intelligence algorithm, comparison with generation algorithm ( ga) on tsp shows the advantage of the swarm intelligence.

本文为了研究群体智能算法的特性，在传统的组合优化TSP问题上用经典的遗传算法与之对比，仿真实验表明智能算法具有一定的优势。

互联网摘选

the mas ( multi-agent systems) should be treated in the point of view of society because it is present the social activities of group.

MAS是一种社会群体智能活动，应该从社会角度研究MAS。

互联网摘选

artificial fish swarm algorithm ( afsa) is a new kind of swarm intelligent bionic algorithm based on the "looking for food" behaviour of fish swarm.

人工鱼群算法（Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm，AFSA）是源于对鱼群觅食行为研究而提出的一种新型群体智能优化算法。

互联网摘选

as a new population-based intelligent optimization algorithm, because of its good global search and quick convergence ability, differential evolution ( de) has gradually become a research hotspot.

差分进化算法（differential evolution，DE）作为一种新兴的群体智能优化算法，因其具有较强的全局寻优能力和较快的寻优速率，逐渐成为研究的热点。

互联网摘选

particle swarm optimization ( pso) algorithm is a new population intelligence based algorithm and exhibits good performance on optimization.

粒子群优化算法（PSO）是模拟生物群体智能的优化算法，具有良好优化性能。

互联网摘选

particle swarm optimization ( pso) is a simple but effective swarm intelligence optimization, which has attracted more and more researchers' attention.

粒子群优化（Particle Swarm optimization，简称PSO）算法是一种有效、简单的群体智能优化算法，吸引了越来越多研究者的关注。

互联网摘选

recently, particle swarm optimization ( pso) algorithm comes forth as another intelligent algorithm.

微粒群优化（PSO）算法是近年来提出的一种新型群体智能优化算法。

互联网摘选

on this basis, the existing neural network to improve and build intelligent optimization methods based on multilayer feed forward neural network.

在此基础上，构建了基于群体智能优化手段的预测神经网络，并对传统的BP神经网络进行了优化。

互联网摘选

artificial bee colony algorithm ( abc) is a new type of swarm intelligence algorithm.

人工蜂群算法（ABC）是模拟蜜蜂群采蜜过程进行随机优化的一种新型群体智能算法，对于解决复杂的优化问题有良好的效果。

互联网摘选

firstly, four clustering models based on ant colony behavior are introduced. then, we apply aco in web usage clustering based on ant colony foraging behavior.

首先介绍了基于群体智能的蚁群聚类算法的四种模型，然后将基于蚁群觅食行为的蚁群算法引入Web使用聚类。

互联网摘选

pso algorithm is a novel random optimization method based on swarm intelligence which has more powerful ability of global optimization.

PSO算法是一种新型的基于群体智能的随机优化算法，简单易于实现且具有更强的全局优化能力。

互联网摘选

based on swarm intelligence solving n queens problem

基于群体智能求解N后问题

互联网摘选

even when he had finally evolved to the recognizable character we know today, he was known as luke starkiller.

直到他最终演化为我们今天可以认出的角色时，他的名字还是卢克·弑星者。

互联网摘选

credit-card payment, digital cash and e-wallets, smart cards, micropayments and electronic bill presentment and payment are methods for conducting online transactions.

信用卡支付，数字现金，电子钱包，智能卡，微支付和电子账单呈递与支付是处理网上交易的方法。

互联网摘选