suppliers set up farms form leasing land from smallholders and hire these smallholders as agricultural worker at the farms;

tens of millions of smallholders have invested in their own pumps so that they can extract water from shallow aquifers whenever they choose.

上千万的小农户自己出资买水泵，以便随时从浅表水层中抽水。

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in order to increase negotiation power with supplier and supermarket , smallholders need set up their own organization.

为了增加自己的交涉力量，农户通过成立自己的组织，农民协会来维护自己的利益。

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because they are predominantly poor, smallholders are also more likely to experience adverse external shocks than higher income groups.

他们中主要是贫困小农，因而也比较高收入人群更有可能遭受外部的不利冲击。

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the real remaining barrier is financing: impoverished smallholders lack creditworthiness to get market loans.

其余真正的障碍是融资问题：贫困的小农户不具备获得市场贷款的资信。

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indeed, it is not unusual for foreign investors to pay less tax than local smallholders.

事实上，对于投资者们比当地的小农户交更少的税并不罕见。

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marx put forward a systematical discussion on the characteristics of smallholders.

马克思对小农的特点进行了系统的论述。

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so traders and supermarkets may benefit commercial farmers more than smallholders.

所以从商人和超市获益的商业化农民远远超过小佃农。

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third, we need seeds and fertiliser for the planting season, especially for smallholders in poor countries.

第三，我们需要提供播种季节所需的种子和肥料，特别是穷国的小农生产者。

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in response to this, smallholders have developed strategies for (ex ante) risk management and (ex post) risk coping.

为此，小农制定了（事前）风险管理和（事后）风险应对战略。

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and in africa, where governments are weak and smallholders are the main deforesters, they may be especially effective.

而且在政府羸弱、小农身为毁林主力的非洲，这类项目也许特别有效。

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in mexico and parts of central america, as in colombia and peru further south but not in brazil, most coffee farmers are smallholders.

跟哥伦比亚、秘鲁以南（不包括巴西）一样，墨西哥和中美洲部分国家的大多数咖啡种植户都是小农。

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just as high oil prices help africa's petroleum economies, so higher prices for beans, cereals, dairy products and meat boost smallholders.

就像高油价带动了非洲石油经济，同样地，大豆、谷物、乳制品和肉类价格的上涨也推动了佃农的发展。

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still, some anecdotal evidence, plus the general increase in food prices, suggests that smallholders are not responding enough.

一些传闻和粮食价格普遍上涨表明小细农并没有作出足够的回应。

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it used to be said that every civilised person had two fatherlands: his own, and france.

人们过去常说，每个文明人都有两个祖国：一个是他自己的国家，另一个是法国。

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the undraped human figure, sometimes allegorical.

无遮盖的人体画像，有时讽喻意义。

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he was a poet, diplomat, songwriter, and anthologist (compiler) of african american culture.

他是一个诗人、外交官、音乐创作家，同时也是非裔美国人文化的编撰者。

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"what need you getting drunk then, and cutting up, prue? " said a spruce quadroon.

“谁叫你老喝得醉醺醺的，自寻烦恼呢？蒲璐？”一个漂亮的公仆说。

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dramaturgical action: an analysis from the perspective of political philosophy

剧场行为：从政治哲学的观点看

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service encounter; dramaturgical theory; service theory; hakka restaurants; cultural experience.

客家餐厅；服务接触；关键事件技术；文化体验；剧场理论。

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nisia meeting found the base of the church by unifying the doxy.

尼西亚会议通过统一教义进而奠定了统一教会的基础。

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