Android system uses multi-level security architecture. For analyzing the security of Android system, I study the structure of Android system first, Excavation the loophole that could be exploited by hackers from kernel-level application framework level. 2.

Access control information: Each key has an owner UID, a GID, and a permissions mask that dictates how it will respond to user-level or kernel-level programs.

访问控制信息（Access control information）：每个密钥有一个所有者ID、一个GID和一个权限掩码，权限掩码表示如何响应用户级或内核级程序。

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With these simple algorithms for user space and kernel-level code, you now have the ability to detect, log, and respond to the full range of physical input from the user.

通过使用针对用户空间和内核级代码的这些简单算法，现在能够检测、记录和响应来自用户的各种物理输入。

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The validity test proved that the mechanism can effectively detect kernel-level Android rootkit, while during the process of legal module loading or unloading it will not produce misstatement.

通过有效性测试，证明该机制能够有效检测内核级rootkit，同时在正常的模块加载与卸载过程中不会产生误报。

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But user-level protocols supply a completely different API, which makes them only support science computing, and traditional Socket-based network application program with kernel-level protocol cannot run on them.

然而由于它们提供完全不同的应用程序接口，用户级通信协议往往只能支持科学计算，而不能支持传统的基于Socket接口、采用核心级通信协议的网络应用程序。

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In this article, we take a look at zero copy from a user-mode application point of view, so gory kernel-level details are omitted intentionally.

在本文中，将从用户空间应用程序的角度来阐述这个问题，因此有意忽略了复杂的内核实现。

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In contrast, user-level threads operate within the process scope and are "assigned" kernel-level threads on an as-needed basis to complete some task.

与此相反，用户级线程在进程范围内运行，为了完成某些任务，根据需要分配内核级线程。

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Also, this thesis does some kernel-level research into hardware task in hardware abstraction, hardware task loading, communication between hardware task and software task and hardware task terminating.

同时在硬件任务的内核抽象、硬件任务加载、软硬件任务通信、硬件任务终结等方面进行了内核级的研究。

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The disadvantages of current Linux audit system are analyzed in this paper, and then an example of realizing the function of kernel-level audit system based on LKM is given.

本文在分析当前审计系统所存在问题的基础上，给出了一个利用可加载内核模块的方法实现内核级审计的例子。

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In this paper, The authors first analyze the disadvantages of current Linux audit system, then propose a kernel-level security audit model of Linux system based on LKM technique.

文章在分析了现行Linux安全审计系统所存在问题的基础上，提出了一个基于LKM技术的Linux系统内核级安全审计模型。

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Due to the lack of deep exploring in bottom level of operating system, the behavior of the kernel-level malicious code cannot be monitored efficiently.

这样，由于没有对操作系统底层进行深入研究，检测不到操作系统底层的工作状态，无法对内核级恶意代码的行为进行有效监控。

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Detecting kernel-level Rootkit based on filesystem anomalies

基于文件系统异常的内核级Rootkit检测

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Kernel-level threads interact directly with the operating system and are scheduled by the kernel-level scheduler.

内核级线程与操作系统直接交互，由内核级调度器调度。

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Research on the Design of a Kernel-Level Instruction Set and the Compiler-Related Techniques for Configurable Stream Processors

可配置流处理器核心级指令设计及相关编译技术研究

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If the activate() method is called without any argument, the default is to create a kernel-level thread.

如果不带任何参数调用activate（）方法，那么默认情况下创建内核级线程。

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Initiator and Target are hierarchical designed based on the Linux kernel-level structure, and embedded into the Linux kernel.

该系统依据Linux内核的层次结构，将Initiator和Target进行分层设计，并嵌入到Linux内核中。

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The call sequences in the figures showed a broad overview of the kernel-level TCP calls.

图中的调用序列显示了内核级TCP调用的简要概述。

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New method of detecting kernel-level Rootkit

一种新的内核级Rootkit的检测方法

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I/ O device driver is one of Operating System and lie in priority level in kernel-level I/ O Technology.

核内I/O结构是将I/O驱动作为内核的一部分存在，且运行在较高的优先级和特权级。

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DTrace is an incredible kernel-level tool to debug certain types of low-level performance problems.

DTrace是一个不可思议的内核级工具，用来调试低级别的特定类型性能问题。

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Study of Kernel-Level Concurrent Communication

内核级并发通信的研究

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